Nutrigold - Copper Bisglycinate x 60 Capsules

Adequate copper levels support mitochondrial energy production, antioxidant defence, extracellular matrix (ECM) integrity, and metal ion balance, all of which help mitigate risks for heart disease, including atherosclerosis, hypertension, cardiomyopathy, and ischaemic events.

Copper deficiency or insufficiency, common in modern diets, has been linked to increased ischaemic heart disease risk through impaired enzyme function and oxidative stress.

Copper supports heart valve structure through lysyl oxidase (LOX) -mediated extracellular matrix (ECM) cross-linking, ensuring leaflet flexibility and durability against mechanical stress.

Copper facilitates iron homeostasis via ceruloplasmin, which oxidises ferrous iron (Fe²⁺) to ferric iron (Fe³⁺) for binding to transferrin, enabling safe transport and preventing toxic accumulation.

Copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-SOD, or SOD1) is a key intracellular enzyme that converts superoxide radicals (O₂⁻) to hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), which is then neutralised by other antioxidants, mitigating oxidative damage in cardiovascular and other cells.

 Mitochondrial Bioenergetics: Copper is a cofactor for cytochrome c oxidase (COX) in the electron transport chain (ETC), supporting ATP production.

Copper is vital for the skin because it maintains extracellular matrix (ECM) integrity through lysyl oxidase (LOX) enzymes, which cross-link collagen and elastin fibres. Deficiency accelerates ECM degradation, promoting a phenotype of premature skin ageing characterised by wrinkles, loss of elasticity, and fragility via impaired tissue repair and increased oxidative stress.

Premature greying hair involves melanocyte dysfunction and reduced melanin synthesis, where copper serves as a cofactor for tyrosinase, the rate-limiting enzyme in melanogenesis. Deficiency impairs tyrosinase activity, leading to hypopigmentation and early hair greying through oxidative stress and ROS accumulation in hair follicles.